Kalyana Mitra

4 June 2026
Image(s)
Two people sitting Zazen, side by side.
Definition
Kalyāṇa-mittatā (Pali; Skt.: -mitratā; CHN: 善知識) is a Buddhist concept of "admirable friendship" within Buddhist community life, applicable to both monastic and householder relationships. One involved in such a relationship is known as a "good friend", "virtuous friend", "noble friend" or "admirable friend" (kalyāṇa-mitta, -mitra). Contemporary self-described “Buddhist” groups conceive of the term as designating “spiritual friendship (among peers),” a usage distinct from and implicitly critical of the term's traditional signification.
Synonyms
Kalyanamitra
Kalyāṇa-mittatā
Kalyana-mittata
善知識
Details

Quote: Stuart Lachs on Kalyana Mitra

There was at least at one time the idea of the "Kalyana Mitra" or spiritual friend. I think in principle this idea would be better and more accurate a way to describe a teacher- student relationship or relationship between students. Friends talk back and forth, one is not towering over the other, and they both can gain from each other and help each other. One is not all wise and the other looking for approval from the all wise one. There is a recognition of different strengths and different weaknesses. The teacher may be more experienced and have some insights that the student does not, but it does not mean the teacher is above question or an expert on all facets of life. It also does not mean as in the Zen context, that every action of the roshi is teaching. ~Stuart Lachs, Non-duality Magazine